Educational Mechanics
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Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
An electronic module that processes sensor inputs and controls vehicle systems such as fuel injection, ignition timing, and transmission operation. ECUs allow precise and adaptive system control.
Electric Power Steering (EPS)
A steering assistance system that uses an electric motor instead of hydraulic pressure to reduce steering effort. Assistance is varied based on vehicle speed and operating conditions.
Engine
A machine that converts chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy. In road vehicles this is typically achieved through internal combustion, where expanding gases act on pistons to produce rotational motion at the crankshaft.
Engine Braking
A deceleration effect produced when the engine resists vehicle motion with the throttle closed. It occurs due to pumping losses and compression resistance within the engine.
Epicyclic Gearset
A gear arrangement consisting of a sun gear, planet gears, and a ring gear, all rotating about a common axis. Epicyclic gearsets are used in automatic transmissions and centre differentials to provide compact torque multiplication and speed variation.
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